For Napoleon, China was a giant best left sleep lest it shake the world. Now that it is rousing itself, what sort of power are we dealing with? Predatory or restrained? Economic or military? Responsible or inward-centered?
標準答案是將best left sleep 改為best left to sleep. 也就是leave sb to sth的被動形式。請教專家老師們,可否改為best left sleeping, 即leave sb doing sth. 由于中國之前是沉睡的巨人,目前仍是,最好讓它維持沉睡的狀況,我感覺leave sb doing sth 更符合實質狀況。Leave sb to do sth 則表示之前沒睡,目前讓它去沉睡。所以best left sleeping 是不是更貼切呢?
謝謝專家老師們。
leave sb to sth這種結構表示 to goawayfrom aplaceandallowsomeone tocontinuedoingsomething there
leave someone to something:
I’ll leave you to yourcrosswordpuzzle.(《麥克米倫詞典》)
以下為COCA語料庫類似例句:
and thenleavehimtohis dreams.
andleavehimtohis mourning.
thanleavehimtohis own devices.
andleavehimtohis transgression.
Mostly Ileavehimtohis thoughts.
Gwyneth knew toleavehimtohis work.
Ileavehimtohis sandwich.
由詞典解釋及例句可知,leave sb to sth意為離開某處,讓某人在該處繼續做某事。做某事是由介詞to后的名詞間接表示出來的。從以上例句可以看出,介詞to后的名詞結構為物主代詞+名詞,或為the+名詞+of 短語。
因此,答案給出的best left to sleep中的sleep并非介詞+名詞,而是不定式做賓補。
leave sb to do sth. 結構中,不定式的動作是leave這個謂語動詞時間之后的將來的動作,即在leave這個動作發生的時候,不定式的動作還沒發生。該結構的過去分詞left to do sth作定語,可以改為定語從句:
China was a giant best left to sleep lest it....
=China was a giantwhich, it was best, had been left to sleep lest it...
也就是說,過去分詞left為動態動詞,既表示被動,也表示完成:left的動作是在謂語was a giant之前就已經發生并結束的被動動作。在謂語時間,the giant已經處于sleep的狀況了。sleep用不定式,是由于相對動詞leave而言,而不是相對于謂語was a giant而言。因此不需要目前分詞。注意lest引導的目的狀語從句修飾的是過去分詞left, 而不是修飾謂語was a giant.