110. The following appeared as part of a memorandum1 from the loan department of the Frostbite National Bank.
We should not approve the business loan application of the local group that wants to open a franchise2 outlet3 for the Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors5. Frostbite is known for its cold winters, and cold weather can mean slow ice cream sales. For example, even though Frostbite is a town of 10,000 people, it has only one ice cream spot the Frigid6 Cow. Despite the lack of competition, the Frigid Cows net revenues fell by 10 percent last winter.
Frostbite國家銀行的借貸部門的備忘錄：
大家不應該批準那個期望經營一家KK冰激凌連鎖店的特許店的當地團體的借貸請求。Frostbite以其寒冷的冬季而聞名，而冷天氣意味著冰激凌的銷售不利。譬如，雖然Frostbite是個有10000人的鎮子，它卻只有一家冰激凌店Frigid Cow。盡管缺少角逐，Frigid Cow的凈收入去年冬季降低了10％。
1. Other factors in deciding whether to give loan to a company such as the credit of the company should be considered.
2. Admittedly, the former and prospective7 performance of the company is also important when the bank have to make decision of whether or not should it give loan to a company. However, the author of the memorandum show no sufficient evidence to support his or her proposal that the bank should not give loan to Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors.
3. The statistics last year does not necessarily denote the future trend.
1. 排除他因，凈收入降低是什么原因什么？可能是經營不好，草率定價，甚至正由于缺少角逐致使了這類。
2. 寒冷冬季不等于沒夏季，也不等于夏季短暫。不可以說明緣由。
In this memorandum the loan department of Frostbite National Bank recommends against approval of a business loan to a local group that wants to open an ice cream parlor4. In support of this decision the loan department points out that Frostbite has a reputation for cold winters and sales of ice cream decrease in cold weather. This latter point is buttressed8 by the fact that Frostbites only ice cream parlor suffered a 10 percent decline in net revenues the previous winter. The loan departments decision is questionable9 for the following reasons.
To begin with, since it is reasonable to expect a decline in ice cream sales during winter months, it is difficult to assess the relevance10 of the fact that Frostbite has cold winters to the potential success of the Kool Kone franchise. Common sense suggests that this fact would be significant only if it turned out that Frostbites winter season lasted 9 or 10 months as it does in arctic regions. In that case slow sales could be expected for most of the year and the loan departments opposition11 to the loan would be readily understandable. If, on the other hand, Frostbites winter season lasts only a few months and the remainder of the year is warm or hot, it is difficult to comprehend the loan departments reasoning.
Next, the loan department assumes that the Frigid Cows decline in net revenue last winter was a result of slow sales occasioned by cold weather. While this is a possible reason for the decline, it is not the only factor that could account for it. For example, other factors such as poor business practices or lack of inventory12 could be responsible for the Frigid Cows loss of revenue. The loan departments failure to investigate or even consider these and other possible explanations for the Frigid Cows decline in revenue renders their decision highly suspect.
In conclusion, the loan departments decision is ill-founded. To better evaluate the decision, we would need to know more about the length and severity of Frostbites winter season. Moreover, evidence would have to be provided to support the assumption that the Frigid Cows loss of revenue last winter was a direct result of the cold weather.
We should not approve the business loan application of the local group that wants to open a franchise2 outlet3 for the Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors5. Frostbite is known for its cold winters, and cold weather can mean slow ice cream sales. For example, even though Frostbite is a town of 10,000 people, it has only one ice cream spot the Frigid6 Cow. Despite the lack of competition, the Frigid Cows net revenues fell by 10 percent last winter.
Frostbite國家銀行的借貸部門的備忘錄：
大家不應該批準那個期望經營一家KK冰激凌連鎖店的特許店的當地團體的借貸請求。Frostbite以其寒冷的冬季而聞名，而冷天氣意味著冰激凌的銷售不利。譬如，雖然Frostbite是個有10000人的鎮子，它卻只有一家冰激凌店Frigid Cow。盡管缺少角逐，Frigid Cow的凈收入去年冬季降低了10％。
1. Other factors in deciding whether to give loan to a company such as the credit of the company should be considered.
2. Admittedly, the former and prospective7 performance of the company is also important when the bank have to make decision of whether or not should it give loan to a company. However, the author of the memorandum show no sufficient evidence to support his or her proposal that the bank should not give loan to Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors.
3. The statistics last year does not necessarily denote the future trend.
1. 排除他因，凈收入降低是什么原因什么？可能是經營不好，草率定價，甚至正由于缺少角逐致使了這類。
2. 寒冷冬季不等于沒夏季，也不等于夏季短暫。不可以說明緣由。
In this memorandum the loan department of Frostbite National Bank recommends against approval of a business loan to a local group that wants to open an ice cream parlor4. In support of this decision the loan department points out that Frostbite has a reputation for cold winters and sales of ice cream decrease in cold weather. This latter point is buttressed8 by the fact that Frostbites only ice cream parlor suffered a 10 percent decline in net revenues the previous winter. The loan departments decision is questionable9 for the following reasons.
To begin with, since it is reasonable to expect a decline in ice cream sales during winter months, it is difficult to assess the relevance10 of the fact that Frostbite has cold winters to the potential success of the Kool Kone franchise. Common sense suggests that this fact would be significant only if it turned out that Frostbites winter season lasted 9 or 10 months as it does in arctic regions. In that case slow sales could be expected for most of the year and the loan departments opposition11 to the loan would be readily understandable. If, on the other hand, Frostbites winter season lasts only a few months and the remainder of the year is warm or hot, it is difficult to comprehend the loan departments reasoning.
Next, the loan department assumes that the Frigid Cows decline in net revenue last winter was a result of slow sales occasioned by cold weather. While this is a possible reason for the decline, it is not the only factor that could account for it. For example, other factors such as poor business practices or lack of inventory12 could be responsible for the Frigid Cows loss of revenue. The loan departments failure to investigate or even consider these and other possible explanations for the Frigid Cows decline in revenue renders their decision highly suspect.
In conclusion, the loan departments decision is ill-founded. To better evaluate the decision, we would need to know more about the length and severity of Frostbites winter season. Moreover, evidence would have to be provided to support the assumption that the Frigid Cows loss of revenue last winter was a direct result of the cold weather.