對(duì)于“with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)”,我有點(diǎn)搞不清名詞和介詞短語(yǔ)間的關(guān)系到底是定語(yǔ)關(guān)系,還是邏輯主語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的關(guān)系。以前老師們的回答我也看了大多數(shù),但還是有點(diǎn)理解不上去(啊,學(xué)生愚鈍)。各位老師就以我這幾個(gè)例句說(shuō)說(shuō)就好,不必太展開(kāi)詳述(占用你們寶貴時(shí)間實(shí)在不忍)。
With a doctorate in theatre arts, Basting is an English professor at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and founder of TimeSlips, a nonprofit devoted to storytelling. 我的理解With a doctorate in theatre arts就是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),其中in theatre arts是a doctorate的介詞短語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)。
With stockmarket valuations propped up by loose monetary policy, and only a slim prospect of tightening, many firms opted to shore up their balance-sheets with new share issues. 這句中,第一個(gè)顯然是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),但only a slim prospect of tightening是看作省略with的介詞短語(yǔ),還是省略being的獨(dú)立主格呢?only a slim prospect of tightening。
1 With a doctorate in theatre arts
你的理解正確,這是with介詞短語(yǔ),不是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。理由非常簡(jiǎn)單,in介詞短語(yǔ)并非講解a doctorate處于何種狀況,而是修飾博士學(xué)位是什么專業(yè)范圍的學(xué)位,顯然是后置定語(yǔ),而不是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
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2 With stockmarket valuations propped up by loose monetary policy, and (with)only a slimprospect of tightening.
你的理解基本正確。and并列了二個(gè)with結(jié)構(gòu),第一個(gè)是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),第二個(gè)是普通的with介詞短語(yǔ)。需要說(shuō)明的是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)本質(zhì)上還是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ),只是with的賓語(yǔ)是復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))而不是單賓語(yǔ)而已,所以with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和with介詞短語(yǔ)可以并列,就好似單賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以并列作謂語(yǔ)是一個(gè)道理。比如,The bad newsshocke me and made me very sad. 你的句子中,with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和with介詞短語(yǔ)都是緣由狀語(yǔ)。