3.on+名詞構成的詞組：on表示處于某種狀況或在某個方位：on board乘（車,飛機）, on call聽候召喚, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire失火, on foot步行，on guard在崗，on hire雇用，on holiday度假，on leave休假，on ones knees跪下, on ones way在的路上,on purpose故意, on sale待售，on shore在岸上, on time按時, on the move行動, on the other hand其次, on the spot當場, on the tip of ones tongue快要說出口, on TOP of在的頂部，on watch值班。
9、TO
1.動詞+to
a)動詞+ to。介詞to意為達到，指向等：adjust to適應, attend to處置；照料, agree to同意, amount to加起來達，belong to是, come to達到, drink to為干杯，get to到達, happen to發生在某人身上, hold to緊握, lead to通向, listen to聽, occur to想起, object to反對, point to指向, respond to回答, refer to參考；指的是；涉及, reply to回答, see to負責, stick to堅持, turn to求助, write to給某人寫信。比如：
She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她需要掌握適應英國的生活。
Business has to be attended to. 有事要辦。
An idea occurred to me. 我想出一個方法。
b)動詞+to+sb.。下列動詞不可以直接帶間接賓語sb.，要接間接賓語時須在動詞后加介詞to：announce to公告某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人講解, express to對某人表達, mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議, speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。比如：
She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee. 她跟我向委員會推舉了一兩個適合的人選。
c)動詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此時介詞to可譯成到，于，給等意思：add to 增加, compare to比作, carry to運送至, devote to致力于, introduce to介紹給, invite to邀請參加, join to連接到, leave to委托給, reduce to降低至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。比如：
Please add a piece of candy to coffee. 請給咖啡加塊糖。
Poets like to compare life to stage. 詩人喜歡把生活比作舞臺。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to。to的意思是對：be alive to覺察；知道, be attentive1 to注意；留神, be awake to知道, be blind to缺少眼光, be close to緊挨著, be common to對某人來講非常普通, be contrary to違反；反對, be devoted2 to致力, be deaf to不想聽, be equal to有些力量, be exposed to暴露；遭受, be fair to對公平, be familiar to對某人來講熟知, be grateful to對某人心存感激, be good to對有好處, be harmful to對有風險, be important to 對要緊, be kind to友好對待, be known to周知于, be married to嫁給, be moved to轉移到, be near to挨近, be necessary to對有必要, be opposite to在對面, be opposed to反對, be pleasant to合某人之意, be proper to專用, be polite to禮貌待人, be rude to暴力對待, be relative to與有關, be strange to不習慣, be similar to類似, be suitable to合適, be true to忠實, be thankful to感激, be useful to對有用, be used to習慣。比如：
Are you alive to what is going on? 你注意到發生啥事了嗎？
The old man was not equal to the situation. 那老人不可以應對這樣的情況。
His house is opposite to mine. 他的房屋在我的房屋對面。
3.to+名詞構成的詞組有：to a degree在某種程度上, to date到目前為止, to ones feet跳起來，to ones mind照看來, to ones surprise使吃驚, to ones taste符合胃口, to oneself一個人享用, to order訂做, to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地。
10、WITH
1.動詞+ with
a)動詞+ with。with接對象或目的，意思為與，從：agree with贊同；適應, begin with從開始, continue with繼續, do with應對, deal with應對, fight with與作戰, fool with愚弄, hurry with忙于, mix with與混合在一塊, meet with偶遇, play with把玩, quarrel with與某人爭吵, reason with與某人評理, settle with與人協商。比如：
Lets begin our class with an English song. 大家以一首英語歌開講。
I meant to reason with you, but you wont reason. 我本要與你理論理論，但你不想。
b)動詞+ sth./sb. + with + sth./sb.。介詞with意為以，用：compare with 與比較, combine with與混合, equip with以裝備, feed with用喂養, furnish3 with用裝飾, provide with提供, replace with以替代, supply with供給。比如：
Education must be combined with productive4 labour.教育應與生產力相結合。
They replaced slave labour with machines. 他們用機器代替奴工。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ with。介詞with表示情緒是什么原因、憑著等意思：be angry with惱怒, be annoyed with使煩惱, be busy with忙于, be bored with使煩心, be burdened with擔負, be crowded with擁擠著, be connected with與聯系, be covered with覆蓋著, be concerned with關心, be content with對認可, be disappointed with失望于, be delighted with對感到開心, be engaged with忙碌于, be exhausted5 with因為而極度疲倦, be filled with充滿, be familiar with熟知, be friendly with對友好, be occupied with忙碌, be overcome with極為, be popular with受青睞, be patient with對有耐心, be pleased with 對開心, be satisfied with認可于, be strict with對嚴格, be wrong with有問題, be wild with因而欣喜。比如：
He was much annoyed with his sons behavior. 他對兒子的行為相當惱火。
Im fully6 occupied with my daily work. 我忙碌于平時事務。
When he caught sight of her, he was overcome with despair7. 看到她，他很失望。
3.動詞+副詞/介詞短語+with構成的詞組: catch up with趕上, do away with廢除,fall in love with愛上, get together with與聯歡,keep in touch with維持聯系，keep up with趕上。
綜上所述，常用介詞搭配在英語中極其豐富，意義復雜多變。學會這類搭配，對夯實基礎、提升英語閱讀水平和理解能力是大有裨益的。